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Protection against overcurrent in residential electrical installations is an important issue to prevent damage to electronic equipment and the risk of fire. Type 36 houses, as one of the popular residential models, require a reliable yet affordable electrical protection system. This study aims to design an overcurrent protection device based on a Node MCU microcontroller that integrates current sensor technology, automatic relays, and Internet of Things (IoT) features. This system uses an adjustable time setpoint as the main parameter in detecting and cutting off the electric current when the current exceeds the safe limit. The design of this device involves programming Node MCU to process data from the current sensor and control the relay as an actuator to cut off the electricity. In addition, this tool is equipped with a notification sending feature via a smartphone application to provide real-time information to users regarding the system status. Tests were carried out with various types of loads, including normal loads, overloads, and short-circuit conditions. The test results showed that this tool was able to detect overcurrent with an accuracy of 97% and cut off the electricity within an average of 1.2 seconds after the time setpoint limit was exceeded. The system also showed a reliability level of up to 92% in simulation scenarios of various load conditions. This device not only provides an efficient and effective overcurrent protection solution for residential homes, but also offers ease of monitoring and control thanks to its IoT features. Thus, this system has the potential to increase user safety and comfort, while reducing the risk of damage to household electronic devices
Keywords: Overcurrent protection, NodeMCU microcontroller, time setpoint, IoT, residential.
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